[ China Instrument Network Instrument Development ] Recently, the first near-infrared skylight background measuring instrument independently developed by Wang Jian, an associate professor of the State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Detection and Nuclear Electronics of China University of Science and Technology, and its collaborators, was successfully installed at the Kunlun Station in Antarctica. put into service.
Image from School of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China
Infrared observation is an important means of astronomical research, but the development of infrared astronomical research in China is limited by the lack of excellent sites and detectors. With the continuous expansion of the field of astronomical research in China in recent years, the desire of the Chinese astronomical community to have infrared astronomical observation capabilities is also more urgent.
In December 2015, Wang Jian team and collaborators of the University of Science and Technology of China launched the development of the near-infrared skylight background measuring instrument. According to the characteristics of different infrared detectors, multiple versions of the design and testing were carried out to solve the weak signal detection. Key technologies such as high-gain sensitive amplification, undercurrent and background noise suppression were completed in 2016 based on InSb detectors, and the near-infrared skylight background measuring instrument of J, H, and K bands was completed, and the laboratory roof test was completed.
Due to the deep cooling required by the InSb detector, the power consumption and volume of the instrument are relatively large, which is very unfavorable for field observation. The Wang Jian team based on the detection advantages of the InGaAs detector on the J, H, and K bands, based on the InGaAs detector in 2017. Completed the near-infrared skylight background measuring instrument for the Antarctic, and conducted a test observation at the Ali Observatory in Tibet in July 2017, and obtained the background data of the first batch of Ali's near-infrared skylight.
In order to ensure the successful and efficient development of infrared observation instruments and infrared astronomical observations after the successful construction of these large-scale equipment, it is necessary to measure the infrared sky background of the relevant candidate sites. The background radiation intensity in the infrared range largely limits some important properties of infrared telescopes and other observing equipment, such as the depth of the survey, the limit stars that can be observed, and the exposure time of the astronomical imaging system.
In 2018, in response to extreme conditions such as extremely low temperature, high altitude, low air pressure and power difficulties in the Antarctic, Wang Jian team conducted optical, low-noise readout electronics, structural and electronic control, and automatic observation of the infrared skylight background measuring instrument. Improvement, and in November 2018 with the "Snow Dragon" scientific research ship to the South Pole.
With the advancement of science and technology and the improvement of China's comprehensive national strength, China has paid more and more attention to the development of related astronomical instruments such as large-scale optical telescopes and polar optical telescopes.
In August 2018, Wang Jian's research group developed an autonomous observation and remote control system for the Antarctic telescope to form an efficient control of observing equipment under severe conditions. It is applicable to various scientific research equipment, and has constructed an autonomous observation and remote control framework. The promotion and application, especially the observation equipment deployed in Antarctica, greatly improved its observation performance.
At present, the autonomous observation and remote control system developed by Wang Jian has been applied to the Antarctic infrared skylight background measuring instrument and the Chinese small telescope array 2, and realizes the manipulation of the astronomical end of Qinghai Delingha Quantum 1.2 meter telescope.
(Source: Anhui Daily, Xinhuanet, Zhongan Online)
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