At the end of the 20th century, the CNC system architecture was changed from closed to open, so that the CNC system could make full use of the abundant resources of computer technology, quickly and flexibly replace hardware and software according to the requirements of the control object, and absorb new technologies in time, making the development of CNC technology. Accelerate the pace and shorten the development cycle.

NUM companies from Europe have been working on the development and research of machine tool automation and motion control for many years. In addition to basic functions including 4-axis linkage (5-axis or more linkage option), user macro program, built-in 2D CAM software, graphic functions, high-level language programming, PLC ladder online display, and screw complement function, NUM CNC system is The practical application of flexibility and openness has also been fully reflected.

Among them, NUM's external parameters are named because they can access system internal information from the outside of the system through a part program. External parameters (E parameters) make the NUM system very flexible and open. Write them in the part program to get (read) or refresh (write) the setting information inside the CNC system, usually to enhance the function of the part program. In order to adapt to different types of machine tools or a variety of processing technology needs. Only by understanding and mastering the characteristics of external parameters and using methods can we fully exploit the potential of CNC systems, thereby further improving work efficiency and programming quality.

Classification of external parameters

The external parameters can be roughly divided into the following types based on their nature and use:

(1) External parameters with corresponding mapping of the PLC. Each external parameter has an address in the exchange area between NC memory and PLC memory. Some variables are directly related to the PLC address. Variables are related to the PLC input/output bit, interrupt address, analog input/output, and so on. These parameters provide the way to link the part program to the PLC program, such as using the G79 (conditional jump) function to test the value of the E parameter to determine the branch of the part program, or to transfer the information to the PLC program in the part program, To control the auxiliary actions of the machine.

(2) External parameters related to machine parameters Generally, once the machine parameters are set, the configuration and performance of the machine are determined. Generally, the user does not need to change them. In the NUM system, there are some external parameters corresponding to the values ​​of a certain machine parameter. The user can view the settings of the machine parameters in the part program, and rewrite the parameters that can be written to change the original parameters of the machine parameters. Settings. After reset, most of these external parameters automatically restore their original values, which are the values ​​set by the original machine parameters. Such external parameters are mainly used for some special work cycles. Can also be used for CNC machine tool debugging and maintenance occasions.

(3) External parameters related to machining Some external parameters correspond to the G code or tool compensation. The user can read the currently valid G code or directly intervene in the tool data to compensate. For example, some external parameters correspond to the tool's length, diameter, and other geometric dimensions, such as E50XXX, E52XXX, E53XXX, E54XXX, etc., and they correspond to the data of the tool size table. That is, these can be determined by establishing a tool size table. The value of the parameter can also be assigned to these external parameters in the part program to refresh the tool size table. The use of tool compensation methods in part programs enables full display of the degree of automation of the process.

(4) External parameters for other special purposes There are special external parameters in the NUM system, such as external parameters E81XXX and E82XXX that are dedicated to the cross axis compensation, and can perform position compensation for the cross axes (non-parallel axes).

(5) Common external parameters NUM also provides a large number of external parameters defined by the user. Users can write any data information that they want to store, and they will not be lost due to system reset or shutdown.

How to use external parameters

For external parameters with read-only properties, there are two ways to read its value. One is to display its value through the corresponding menu, and the other is to write the read position in the part program.

For external parameters with read/write properties, new values ​​can be written in addition to the above methods. Its writing can be through the following two ways: one is to use the MDI input, the second is to write the assignment position in the part program, where special attention should be paid to whether some of the parameters are reset after reset.

External parameters can be used in the part program for arithmetic and function operations, logic operations, increments and decrements, value comparisons, etc., and can also be programmed and converted with Num's L parameters. This peculiar usage brings a great deal of flexibility to parameter programming, making the programmed part program short and unique.

Dynamic operation and external parameters

The dynamic operation of the NUM system is an optional application software whose operating objects are external parameters. Once some external parameters are programmed into the part program with dynamic operation statements and are activated, because they are executed once in each scan cycle of the system (for example, 10ms), they can be used anywhere in the part program, such as changing the routine. Interpolation path etc. It is worth mentioning that the external parameters mentioned above that are read-only in the normal case become writable parameters in the dynamic operation function, which fully reflects the special role of external parameters.

The external parameters of the NUM system are used in a wide range of applications, from the creation of special machining cycles, to the establishment of a connection with a machine processor, the control of changes in the machining process, and so forth. In addition, there are many definitions for the flexibility and openness of the CNC system, such as the special software package for secondary development, dynamic operation functions, the PLC program as the main program written by the user, the interaction between PLC and CNC, PLC ladder online display and error compensation functions. With the development of the market and the special requirements of CNC machines for various types of machine tools and machining processes, NUM CNC systems are constantly being updated and improved, and their external parameters have also increased. This has helped to increase the openness and adaptability of the system. The role.

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