Rational and scientific use of pesticides to minimize pesticide residues

The use of pesticides has been accompanied by agricultural production for more than a thousand years. Pesticides have made great contributions to the prevention and control of pests and diseases, and have provided guarantees for increasing crop yields and incomes. At the same time, the production of pesticides for thousands of years has also brought us a lot of negative effects, such as environmental pollution, pesticide residues, increased resistance to diseases and insect pests, and the replacement of ecological diversity. An important concept in modern agriculture is green environmental protection. The use of pesticides does not mean that they cannot be used. Instead, it must be rationally and scientifically standardized in order to minimize the impact on the environment and ecology while preventing and controlling pests and diseases.

Widespread use of pesticides has caused vegetables and fruits to become the hardest-hit areas for pesticide residues. When we eat vegetables and fruits, we have to use pesticide residue detectors to detect them. The hazards of pesticide residues have seriously threatened our health. The use of pesticides for scientific and normative use is also increasingly important.

1 understand the performance of pesticides to use pesticides rationally

First, understand the performance of pesticides. For example: To control pests, we must choose to use pesticides; to control the disease, we must choose to use fungicides; to control weeds must use herbicides. The same insecticide, different varieties have different properties, such as the control of underground pests, the use of crystal trichlorfon, phoxim and other pesticides designed to kill the underground pests, the effect is better, the effect of using other pesticides is poor, even no effect . The control of rice sheath blight, the use of tricyclazole, Fuji No. 1 has no effect, use them to control rice blast disease is very effective, so pesticides have its special properties.

Second, pesticides have stomach toxicity, contact toxicity, fumigation, and systemic absorption. Pesticides can be poisoned by stomach poisoning through the insect's mouthparts. It can be called stomach poisoning if pesticides come into contact with the body. Pesticides can cause contact poisoning when they come into contact with the body. Some pesticides can be poisoned and can be released into the body through the breathing of harmful insects. The cause of poisoning death is called fumigation; some can also be absorbed into the plant through the plant's roots and leaves, so that the pests eat the sap of this plant to cause poisoning death, called systemic absorption. In general, each pesticide has several different effects. For example, trichlorfon has both contact toxicity and stomach toxicity; dichlorvos have both contact toxicity, stomach toxicity and fumigation, so we should use different pest species and feeding methods. Use different pesticides.

Third, although China has banned the production, sale, and use of highly toxic pesticides, all pesticides are toxic, even existing pesticides such as dichlorvos, trichlorfon, carbendazim, and tricyclazole are relatively low in toxicity. Don't be careless.

2 Master the dispensing technology

The quality of dispensing technology directly affects the control effect of pests and diseases. Therefore, at the time of dispensing, the quantity of water added to the pharmaceutical must be strictly controlled. Adding too much water will affect the efficacy and add too little water, which not only wastes pesticides, but also may cause phytotoxicity and resistance to pests. Secondly, in the preparation of emulsions and wettable powders, first use a small amount of water to paste the drug into a paste, and then slowly add the required water, and continue to stir, so that pesticides can be fully dissolved, in order to play the role of pesticides performance. Third, when using water, you must use clean water (river and mountain springs). Do not use sewage. There are many impurities in the sewage and it is easy to plug the nozzle.

3 Grasp the appropriate pesticide application

Pest control is appropriate, generally referring to the weakest of pests and the most sensitive to pesticides. The development of many pests in agriculture generally goes through four stages: eggs, larvae, cockroaches, and adults, which are entomologically called complete metamorphosis types. The larval stage is the period of pests feeding, and it is also a period when pests feed heavily. During this period, the control effect is generally best before the third instar. Pesticides are easy to infiltrate the insect body wall, and the feed intake is not great; adult stage is The final stage of pest life is mainly mating and spawning. Many pests also need to feed during this period to supplement the development of eggs, such as: rice borers, rice leaf roller and other major pests, so the larval stage, adult stage is the critical period of drug control.

4 Improve the level of spray technology

When applying pesticides, we must emphasize the quality of spraying, so that spraying uniform and thoughtful. Excessive spraying, waste of pesticides, increase control costs; spray too little or uneven, not thoughtful, control effect is not good, will cause a large number of pests to survive, reproduce in large numbers, resulting in damage, so we must pay attention to the quality of spraying, Under the premise of guaranteeing quality, we will achieve more, faster, better, and provincial elimination of pests and diseases. Secondly, spraying should generally be conducted on a cloudy or sunny day without wind, and it should not be applied during the rainy weather to avoid rain erosion. If the pesticide is applied in windy weather, the wind direction should be taken care of. Generally, it should be applied in the wind. If the wind speed is too high, the pesticide application should be stopped.

5 Prevention of irrational use of pesticide residues

Although it will bring about a series of problems, the active role played by pesticides in protecting the high yield and stable production of agriculture cannot be ignored. It is also unrealistic to avoid the problems of pesticide toxicity, pollution, and residual toxicity by disabling pesticides. At present, the output of pesticides in China and even the world has not only declined, but has risen. Therefore, it is imperative to find effective solutions to the problems that exist in the use of pesticides.

In accordance with the above technical measures, strict compliance with national laws and regulations, and rational use of pesticides, can produce safe, harmless agricultural products for humans and animals, and improve our living standards.

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