Green energy saving is the main theme of ICT development. With the rise of mobile internet, cloud computing, big data and internet of things, although the scale of China's network has been expanding and the number of data centers has been increasing, the ICT industry still regards energy conservation and emission reduction as the top priority for development. Both the telecom operators , Equipment providers or Internet vendors are actively exploring the green ICT development, development of a wide range of green energy-saving technologies and products. At the same time, the ICT industry is also helping information technology in other industries and using ICT technologies to enhance the energy efficiency and utilization of traditional industries and enterprises so as to contribute to the green development of the entire society.

Green energy saving is the eternal theme of the development of ICT industry. On the one hand, with the rapid development of technologies and applications such as mobile Internet, cloud computing and big data, the ICT industry has achieved green development in the ever-expanding network scale and the ever-increasing number of applications. On the other hand, ICT technologies have been rapidly applied to various Industry, to help the whole community to enhance energy efficiency. At the "2016 Conference on Energy-saving and Emission Reduction for Communications Industry and Application Seminar on Energy-saving Innovation Achievements" held recently, guests from government departments, operators, equipment enterprises and research institutes gathered together for a green ICT development. Accelerating the innovation and application of green energy-saving technologies and promoting green and sustainable ICT industry development have become the consensus.

Green development is a long-term goal

"Green energy conservation has become the common goal of all aspects of the communications industry chain and an important direction for innovation and R & D." Chen Lidong, deputy director of the Ministry of Information and Communication Development of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, said at the meeting that "the 13th Five-Year Plan" is to speed up the construction of a high-speed, mobile and safe The key period for a new generation of information and communication infrastructure is also an opportunity for ICT industry to speed up energy conservation, emission reduction and development. With the development of cloud computing and big data, the energy consumption of the information and communication industry will show a continuous growth trend. Green development and energy conservation and emission reduction are long-term and arduous tasks. The industry should make joint efforts to strive to make full use of energy-saving emission reduction technologies at the end of the "Thirteenth Five-year Plan" and reach the international advanced level in energy consumption.

Chen Lidong made specific suggestions on how to promote energy saving and emission reduction in the ICT industry. He pointed out that the industry should implement all the requirements of energy conservation and emission reduction, support green science and technology innovation, and enhance management efficiency as its guarantee. It should adhere to the combination of stressing priorities and comprehensive promotion, improving various energy conservation standards for communications facilities, We should give full play to the basic role of the market in allocating resources, promote the establishment of a market-based working mechanism for energy conservation and emission reduction, and strengthen the role of enterprises as the main body for energy conservation and consumption reduction. We will continue to improve various rules and regulations on energy conservation and emission reduction, Row of organization and management, statistical testing, performance appraisal and other management systems, improve energy-saving emission reduction target responsibility system, and step by step. At the same time, the industry should implement the key areas of comprehensive and in-depth promotion of energy-saving emission reduction work. We will continue to do a good job of cataloging the phase-out of high-energy-consuming equipment, do a good job in cataloging new technical guidance for energy conservation and emission reduction in the information and communications industry, and promote the full introduction of new energy-saving technologies and equipment in new communications networks to speed up the process of optical fiberization of broadband access and promote green data centers Construction, considering resources and environmental factors in site selection, giving priority to low-energy-consuming products in terms of equipment selection, and promoting green energy-saving technologies in areas such as air-conditioning and power distribution in the engine room.

We will speed up the green development of the communications industry in an all-round way, earnestly promote energy conservation and emission reduction in the industry, and promote the application of energy-saving innovations. This is both an implementation of the national strategy and an industry consensus. Zhao Zhongxin, vice chairman and secretary general of China Association of Communications Enterprises, said at the conference that in recent years, China's communications industry achieved remarkable results in energy conservation and emission reduction. With the continuous expansion of the communication network and the rapid growth in total energy consumption, the overall energy efficiency per unit of telecommunications business has shown a gradual decline. The basic telecom enterprises have given full play to their core role in the industry and led to the common energy saving and emission reduction in the industrial chain , Promote healthy and sustainable development of the industry.

Continued to carry out energy-saving emission reduction communications industry is the embodiment of corporate social responsibility. Wang Ding, deputy general manager of Planning and Construction Department of China Mobile Communications Corporation, said that with the advent of the "Internet plus" strategy brought by the era of mobile Internet and big data, the telecommunications industry is continuously expanding its data center and mobile communications infrastructure network Construction, along with the continuous expansion of network size, energy consumption also showed an upward trend. The continuous promotion of energy conservation and emission reduction by telecom operators is not only the implementation of the national strategy but also the embodiment of the corporate social responsibility. He disclosed that China Mobile has always attached great importance to energy conservation and emission reduction and has been actively promoting the relevant work. Since 2007, China Mobile has fully launched a green action plan focusing on energy conservation and emission reduction, formulated energy conservation standards for 4G wireless devices in advance, and increased the weight of energy-saving indicators in procurement so as to drive equipment manufacturers from hardware and software Both sides continue to improve energy efficiency. At the same time, China Mobile has also compiled cloud management and virtualization documents to promote the application of energy-saving technologies in a number of aspects, including geographical distribution, air-conditioning and refrigeration, and power supply.

Auto Brake Pads

Asbestos was added as an common ingredient to Brake Pads post-WWI, as car speeds began to increase, because research showed that its properties allowed it to absorb the heat (which can reach 500 °F) while still providing the friction necessary to stop a vehicle. However, as the serious health-related hazards of asbestos eventually started to become apparent, other materials had to be found. Asbestos brake pads have largely been replaced by non-asbestos organic (NAO) materials in first world countries. Today, brake pad materials are classified into one of four principal categories, as follows:

Non-metallic materials - these are made from a combination of various synthetic substances bonded into a composite, principally in the form of cellulose, aramid, PAN, and sintered glass. They are gentle on rotors, but produce a fair amount of dust, thus having a short service life.

Semi-metallic materials - synthetics mixed with varying proportions of flaked metals. These are harder than non-metallic pads, more fade-resistant and longer lasting, but at the cost of increased wear to the rotor/drum which then must be replaced sooner. They also require more actuating force than non-metallic pads in order to generate braking torque.

Fully metallic materials - these pads are used only in racing vehicles, and are composed of sintered steel without any synthetic additives. They are very long-lasting, but require more force to slow a vehicle while wearing off the rotors faster. They also tend to be very loud.

Ceramic materials - Composed of clay and porcelain bonded to copper flakes and filaments, these are a good compromise between the durability of the metal pads, grip and fade resistance of the synthetic variety. Their principal drawback, however, is that unlike the previous three types, despite the presence of the copper (which has a high thermal conductivity), ceramic pads generally do not dissipate heat well, which can eventually cause the pads or other components of the braking system to warp.However, because the ceramic materials causes the braking sound to be elevated beyond that of human hearing, they are exceptionally quiet.

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