According to foreign media reports, Ola Kaellenius, director of Daimler, who is responsible for R&D affairs, recently stated that the automotive industry is moving in the direction of manufacturing high nickel electric car batteries.

The high cost of high-cobalt batteries has been driving manufacturers to adjust battery formulations for electric cars to reduce the use of cobalt and increase the use of nickel.

Each electric vehicle battery uses 8 to 12 kg of cobalt. More than half of the cobalt supply each year comes from the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

Kellerius said that car manufacturers are also trying to improve the operating range of electric vehicles by testing the ratio of nickel, cobalt and manganese in batteries.

Kellerius said: "The most important trend is to develop NMC formula." NMC refers to the three kinds of nickel manganese cobalt. He said: "The first formula we saw was 1:1:1, and later it evolved to 6:2:2. Now some suppliers even adjust the formula to 9:0.5:0.5."

The automotive industry currently has a range of different battery formulations, the biggest difference being battery cathode materials.

One of the formulas is NCA or lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide. The battery of this formula is produced by Panasonic. Tesla's electric vehicle uses the battery of this formula; the competing formula is NMC or lithium nickel. Manganese cobalt oxide.

Chinese manufacturers use a composition called LFP, which has a lower energy density but no cobalt; while Japanese car manufacturers use LMO or lithium manganese oxides, which Nissan and LG Chemicals use. This recipe.

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