Gray vanadium steel, hard metal, quartz glass and it is capable of scoring. High purity vanadium can be pressed into thin foil or drawn into filaments. However, the vanadium containing impurities is very brittle and breaks when knocked.
Vanadium steel can be made by incorporating vanadium into steel. Vanadium steel is more compact than ordinary steel, with higher toughness, elasticity and mechanical strength. An armor-piercing projectile made of vanadium steel can penetrate a 40 cm thick steel plate. However, in the steel industry, it is not added to the pure iron to prepare a vanadium-vanadium steel, but directly using the vanadium-containing iron vanadium Tempered steel.
Vanadium is very chemically stable and will not be oxidized at normal temperatures. Vanadium has a high degree of corrosion resistance to salt solutions and seawater. Alkali solution and sulfuric acid do not work for it, hydrofluoric acid, hot concentrated sulfuric acid and nitric acid, and aqua regia can dissolve vanadium. The molten base, potassium carbonate, and potassium nitrate dissolve the vanadium and form a vanadate. The silicides and carbides formed by vanadium and silicon and carbon have high hardness and chemical stability.
The blunt metal vanadium is prepared by reducing calcium pentoxide in a steel vessel. The obtained metal vanadium particles were washed and melted in a vacuum furnace, and the thus obtained metal contained 99.99% of vanadium.
Vanadium- copper alloys are very resistant to corrosion and are not afraid of seawater. They are commonly used to make ship propellers. Vanadium aluminum alloy having high hardness, elasticity, resistance to water, light, and water used to make seaplane glider. Vanadium steel is widely used in the manufacture of automobiles, aircraft engines, shafts, springs, and locomotive cylinders, and is known as "the foundation of the automotive industry."
In 1907, the world's vanadium production was three tons, and its price was astonishingly expensive: one kilogram of vanadium would cost 50,000 gold rubles. Why is this? There is almost no aggregate deposit in the earth's crust, and the ore containing 1% vanadium is particularly rich in ore.
The color of vanadium salts is really colorful, green, red, black, yellow, green like jade, black like thick ink. For example, the divalent vanadium salt is usually purple; the trivalent vanadium salt is green, the tetravalent vanadium salt is light blue, the tetravalent vanadium basic derivative is often brown or black, and the vanadium pentoxide is red. These colorful vanadium compounds are made into bright pigments: they are added to glass to make colored glass, and they can also be used to make a variety of inks.

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