For example, high molecular compounds such as starch and 3 ^# agglomerated (polyacrylamide) have some polar groups in their molecules and can be attached to fine mud by electrostatic attraction, hydrogen bonding or other forces. Because the molecules are very long, they can be connected between two fine mud particles, called "bridge" or "bridge", which binds many dispersed fine muds together to form flocs. . If the added flocculant not only causes flocculation of the fine mud, but also their polar group and the action of the slime are selective, the fine mud of the same mineral can be bonded together. While other fine muds remain dispersed, this effect is selective flocculation.

Selective flocculation flotation in the beneficiation of iron ore has achieved good results. For example, China uses sodium humate as a selective flocculant to treat a certain subway ore. Since sodium humate only flocculates fine-grained hematite, it does not substantially flocculate with quartz and other gangues. After selective flocculation, and then de-sludge or reverse flotation to remove gangue, the concentrate grade and recovery rate are significantly improved.

Flocs have two major classes of hydrophilic and hydrophobic. The selective flocculating agent used for treating the hematite fine mud is a hydrophilic high polymer (polymer compound), and the obtained floc is hydrophilic and difficult to float, so that the gangue is removed by deliming or reverse flotation. . The floc can be floated as long as the polymeric flocculant does not interfere with the hydrophobic action of the subsequent addition of the collector . In the flotation process, the collector adsorbs on the surface of the fine particles to form a hydrophobic film. Due to the attraction between the hydrophobic groups, a "bridge" between the fine particles is formed, and the fine particles are flocculated. In addition, after a large amount of non-polar oil collector adheres to the surface of the slime, the sludge is agglomerated due to the molecular attraction between the molecules, and the floc produced by the hydrophobic agent is sulfur-containing.

It can be seen that the hydrophilic and sulphur water properties of the floes depend on the nature of the agent causing the coagulation or flocculation.

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