[China Agricultural Machinery Industry News] As of 2015, 487 counties nationwide piloted the training of high-quality agricultural production personnel. When the rural hollowness and aging are prominent, who will plant the land tomorrow? When the “ceiling†of agricultural products and the “floor†with hard resources are getting tighter, who can grow the land? Liu Tianjin, vice president of the Central Agricultural Broadcasting and Television School, said that under the current agricultural situation, there is an urgent need to accelerate the cultivation of new professional peasant teams and cultivate professional peasants into the leading force in building modern agriculture.
Accelerate the Cultivation of New Type of Professional Peasant Team to Help Modern Agriculture
Attract new and old farmers to build a high-quality agricultural production team
What is a professional farmer? Professional peasants are rational economic people who operate agriculture as an industry and make full use of market mechanisms and rules to obtain remuneration in order to maximize profits.
Wearing black-rimmed glasses and wearing a fashion dress, Qian Qian from Tongling City, Anhui Province is a new type of professional farmer. After graduating from college, he chose to return home to start a business and established a sunflower eco-agriculture company. Although it is a newcomer to farming, when talking about his own farm, the head is: "I have transferred more than 1,000 mu of land, mainly planting rice, the price is stable, and the benefits are good. And the locals give strong support, the water circuit infrastructure is fully equipped, and the drought and flood protection is realized. â€
The scale of the farm has grown and the money has a new idea. “The demand for healthy agricultural products in urban areas is growing. I have invited experts from Shandong Shouguang to plant pollution-free fruits and vegetables, and develop leisure agriculture to attract more people to the farm. Picking and playing." "The process of identifying a new professional farmer is very simple." He said that after selection, assessment and return visits, they will be able to obtain the certificate after passing the examination.
A group of new professional peasants are wearing glasses, and more and more college students, returning migrant workers, and veterans have become "new farmers." Zhang Taolin, deputy director of the Ministry of Agriculture, said that according to the statistics of 13,000 young farmers declared in 2015, more than 30% of college graduates have higher academic qualifications. Young people bring new technologies and concepts to the countryside and inject fresh blood into modern agriculture. They are an important part of new professional farmers.
Experienced “old farmers†are also the main target of new professional farmers. Song Xiaoyin is from Cao County, Heze, Shandong Province. Since the beginning of this year, the corn market has been sluggish and local farmers have suffered a lot. He and the Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences collaborated to experiment with "4 3" planting, that is, 4 ridges of peanuts plus 3 ridges of corn. “After the production and acceptance, the yield per mu of corn is 1000 kg, and the peanut is 300 kg. The corn is about 7 cents per catty, the peanut can reach 2.7 yuan per catty, and the income per mu can be increased by more than 500 yuan. This makes me realize that it is good. The land still depends on science and technology." Under the leadership of Song Xiaoyin, this model has been promoted locally. In 2013, after the recommendation of the local agricultural department, Song Xiaoyin became a new professional farmer.
Several dozen apple growers in the village have established the Dongjinyu Organic Apple Cooperative of Yanchang County and became the chairman of the board; registered their own name as a trademark, and asked the Northwest A&F University Certification Center to conduct organic certification for their own apple production base; Opened a shop to sell apples, and the apples of the cooperatives were directly supplied to supermarkets in Chongqing, Chengdu, Xi'an and other places. Dong Jinyu, a farmer from the village of Jiaokou Town, Yanxian County, Shaanxi Province, has become a veritable professional farmer from the initial peasant status to the chairman of the cooperative and the leader of the rich.
According to the requirements of the Ministry of Agriculture, the new type of professional farmers will promote the cultivation of human beings by new large-scale business entities such as large professional households, family farms, farmer cooperatives, and leading enterprises. They will be selected by region, by industry, by type, and personal files will be established. Zhang Taolin introduced that during the “Thirteenth Five-Year Plan†period, on the one hand, the implementation of the new business entity leader rotation training program, using five years of training, training 1 million people per year; on the other hand, the implementation of modern youth farmers training program, aged 18-45 Between the ages of the year, 10,000 young people are trained each year to form a young farmer team with strong entrepreneurial ability, high skill level and great mobility.
Targeting technical guidance and market services to accelerate the construction of support systems
As a pioneer in the exploration of modern agriculture, new professional farmers have many troubles. "After 90" Xu Shiying is the general manager of a vegetable greenhouse in Huanggang, Hubei. At the beginning of his business, he was worried about the funds every day. He listened to others saying that he had subsidies for returning hometown business. He quickly went to inquire and ran several times and found nothing.
Xu Shiying participated in the local youth farmer training program. He said that “the subsidy conditions for vegetable facility agriculture require a scale of more than 50 mu, and the policy focuses on subsidizing food production. Through detailed explanations by teachers, I have found subsidy policies and industrial development. The point of integration. If the training class can play a bridge between the peasant and the government, it will reflect our difficulties and it will be better to formulate policies that better reflect the needs of farmers."
Yu Liangbin, dean of Huanggang Vocational and Technical College, deeply felt: "Students generally encounter the problem of delay in investment, and many people have begun to retreat. We have provided courses on the industrial situation in time to help them boost their confidence."
Liao Xiyuan, director of the Department of Science and Technology Education of the Ministry of Agriculture, said that all localities can provide targeted and effective measures to help them get on the horse and send them one more time. "After another 10 to 20 years, the new professional farmers will be the main force of modern agriculture. To speed up the construction of a new type of professional peasant's government support system, in order to fully mobilize their enthusiasm and provide a steady stream of talent for agricultural development."
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