October 14th is World Standards Day. In this context, on October 15th, China has published a number of standard regulations, including eight standards in the field of hydrogen energy. They are "Safety Technical Specification for Hydrogen Refueling Station", "Safety Technical Requirements for Hydrogen Storage Units for Hydrogen Reactors", "Compressed Hydrogen Natural Gas Mixed Gas for Vehicles", "Technical Requirements for Methanol Conversion and Pressure Swing Adsorption Hydrogen Production System", and "Hydrogen" "Safety Operation Management Regulations for Automotive Hydrogenation Facilities", "Safety Technical Requirements for Hydrogen Oxygen Generators", "Safety Test Methods for Low-Voltage Hydrogen Storage Devices for Small Fuel Cell Vehicles", "Hydrogen Storage and Transportation Systems Part 1: General Requirements".
The eight standards cover areas such as hydrogen refueling stations and hydrogen storage, and safety plays an important role in all standards. Mao Zongqiang, a professor at Tsinghua University and former director of the National Hydrogen Energy Standardization Technical Committee and vice chairman of the International Hydrogen Energy Association, said: "The publication of eight standards is the result of the joint efforts of all hydrogen energy researchers, and has enriched and improved the fuel cell standard system. After the implementation of the new standard, the construction and operation of hydrogen fuel vehicles, hydrogen refueling stations, etc. will be more standardized, and will also help China's fuel cell vehicles to enter the fast lane."
Safety concerns hinder the promotion of hydrogen energy Fuel cell vehicles are an important direction for the future development of the automotive industry, and countries and regions such as Europe, the United States and Japan attach great importance to it. Similarly, China has placed fuel cell vehicles in an important position. In the case of pure electric vehicle subsidies, the subsidies for fuel cell vehicles remain unchanged, showing strong support.
However, although in China, fuel cell vehicles have a good development environment and bright prospects for development, at present, only Guangdong Foshan and Jiangsu Rugao are in the forefront. Fuel cell vehicles were also used during the Beijing Olympics and Shanghai World Expo. However, the fuel cell life of the two cities was not enough, and the government did not have long-term funding support. The use of fuel cell vehicles was basically silent.
From the development history of fuel cell vehicles in recent years, the concern about safety is the main reason why fuel cell vehicles are difficult to promote, and this kind of worry is widespread in many parts of the country. The reporter has participated in fuel cell related meetings many times. Many people from all over the country come to participate in the study and experience. The issues they are generally concerned about are safety issues.
In fact, the industry's concerns are not without reason. Hydrogen is very active and it is prone to explosion accidents. There have been many accidents in history. Therefore, most people "talk about hydrogen color change", which has greatly hindered the promotion and application of hydrogen energy. Wang Hao, secretary-general of the National Hydrogen Energy Standards Committee, said: "Hydrogen used to be used in the energy field, mainly as a chemical product. Because hydrogen is easily burned and exploded, it is classified as a hazardous chemical, which has caused people's understanding. Misunderstanding. Governments at all levels attach great importance to safety and misunderstandings in people's understanding, and have played a certain role in hindering the promotion and use of hydrogen energy."
In addition, in China, the gas belongs to the head of the Ministry of Construction and Construction, and the oil is owned by the Energy Bureau. In the past, hydrogen was classified into chemical products or industrial gases for management. Now it is used as hydrogen energy, and it is not clearly assigned to which department head, which also gives the hydrogen station. The construction has brought certain difficulties. It is understood that Foshan and Rugao's hydrogen refueling stations have been successfully built using special methods.
Eight Standards Solve Industry Challenges In 2010, China issued the Technical Specification for Hydrogen Refueling Stations. At that time, people's understanding of hydrogen energy utilization was not comprehensive, and the standard was not comprehensive enough. In addition, hydrogen energy technology is constantly advancing. The standard distance has been more than six years now, and it is necessary to update with the advancement of technology.
Three of the eight standards released this time are for hydrogen refueling stations. Each standard has the word “safety”, which is quite different from the earlier technical specifications. Wang Wei said: "The technical specifications promulgated in 2010 are mainly for the construction of hydrogen refueling stations. There is no specific standard for safety. The three standards introduced this time have specific provisions for three different aspects of the hydrogen refueling station. Eliminating the safety hazards of hydrogen energy use at different angles can also provide a safe basis for the construction of hydrogen refueling stations."
In addition, methanol has been widely used in the automotive field due to the convenience of raw material acquisition and the gradual maturity of technology. At present, there are many methanol gasoline production bases in the country. Straw and corn cob can be used to produce methanol, which not only reduces the pollution caused by incineration, but also increases the added value of products. Methanol fuel cell technology is also relatively mature, and has received industry attention. A number of methanol fuel cell vehicles have been introduced to the market. Therefore, more diversified fuels are needed to promote the development of hydrogen fuel vehicles. As the first drafter of "Technical Requirements for Methanol Conversion and Pressure Swing Adsorption Hydrogen Production System", Wang Yeqin, Chairman of Yalian Technology Co., Ltd. told the reporter: "The hydrogen production by electrolysis of water can also solve the problem of fuel cell power source on a large scale. At present, China has already There are hydrogen production stations that use wind energy and solar water to electrolyze water. Hydrogen production by electrolysis of water is also a key development direction in the future. However, hydrogen and oxygen are mixed together, and it is easy to cause safety accidents when a certain ratio is exceeded. Based on this characteristic, the state has issued the "Safety Technical Requirements for Hydrogen Oxygen Generators". Wang Wei said: "The Hydrogen Oxygen Generator Safety Technical Requirements" regulates hydrogen production from electrolyzed water, providing a basis for other companies to use clean energy to electrolyze water."
For the storage and transportation of hydrogen, Wang Wei told reporters that in the future, there will be more and more hydrogen storage and transportation, and the security problems are very complicated. Therefore, the hydrogen storage and delivery system will introduce a series of standards, including a total of eight parts, the first part of this release.
Perfect standards and lack of financial support The introduction of standards will provide greater help for the development and application of fuel cell vehicles. However, standard research is not over, and the healthy development of fuel cell vehicles needs more support.
For example, in the construction of hydrogen refueling stations, at present, the number of fuel cell vehicles in the United States ranks first in the world, and the number of hydrogen refueling stations far exceeds that of China. However, the US hydrogen refueling station is almost next to the gas station, and the safety distance between the two is relatively short. . The situation in our country is not similar to that in the United States, and we cannot copy the experience of the United States. Mao Zongqiang said that the safety distance specified by China's hydrogen refueling station construction standards is very large, but in China, the existing gas stations in the city are difficult to meet the required safety distance requirements, and the safety distance needs to be re-evaluated. However, the current problem is that They lack the funds to support the test of safe distance.
In addition, China's hydrogen storage pressure is 35 MPa, far lower than 70 MPa in Japan and the United States. Higher storage pressures have many advantages in practical applications. China is also conducting research on storage pressure of 70 MPa. The improvement of these standards also requires a large amount of research funding.
Wang Wei also stressed that after the standards are formulated, it is more important to implement them in practical applications. He said: "The hydrogen refueling station needs to be configured with the configuration and control system of hydrogen storage equipment and compressors, so as to ensure the economic, safe and efficient operation of the hydrogen refueling station."

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