Many "black horses" emerged

Zotye Automobile is still considered a “newbie” for many veteran automakers. In 2004, Zotye just entered the auto industry. Three years ago, the first model Zotye 2008 was launched. At the Shanghai Auto Show in 2009, Zotye announced a high-profile 2008EV pure electric vehicle. The basic model will be sold to the market at a price of RMB 119,800, creating a current domestic pure electric passenger vehicle. The lowest price in the field.

Wu Jianzhong, chairman of Zotye Group, said that Zotye 2008EV is based on an internationally mature small SUV platform and adopts the world’s most advanced lithium-ion power battery with high energy density. It is equipped with an on-board charger that can be used for home power charging mode or fast charging. Mode to charge. The maximum power is 27KW, the maximum speed is up to 110Km/h, the full-charge follow-up mileage is 300km, and the power consumption per 100km is about 12 degrees, which saves at least 4/5 of the operating cost compared with the gasoline vehicles of the same class.

"Today, the listing of 2008EV pure electric vehicles is a huge leap in the new energy automotive field in Zhongtai." said Wu Jianzhong. After repeated research and development and technical breakthroughs, Zotye has achieved major technological breakthroughs in the core technology fields such as drive motors and vehicle control, and has passed the rigorous assessment of national professional testing organizations. It took the lead to obtain the first catalog announcement for China's pure electric passenger car and was listed on the road in March of this year.

When Zotye introduced Zotye 2008 EV pure electric vehicle, Changfeng Automobile, another domestic auto maker, was also developing new energy vehicles. However, Changfeng focused on hybrid SUVs. Internationally, there are only a handful of companies with hybrid SUV technology, and most of them are concentrated in such high-end luxury brands as BMW and Lexus. At the Shanghai Auto Show, Changfeng Motor launched the domestic first hybrid SUV, the Cheetah CS7, claiming that it already possesses hybrid SUV manufacturing technology, thereby breaking the long-term "technology monopoly" of foreign manufacturers.

Changfeng Automobile Chairman Li Jianxin introduced the configuration of the Cheetah CS7 hybrid. The model is equipped with a state-of-the-art CVT stepless transmission, and has become one of the few SUVs in the world that employs hybrid and continuously variable transmission. The Cheetah CS7 can be plugged into the mains network to charge it. After fully charged, it can be used in a purely electric way to exercise 50Km.

In fact, Ford, Lexus, Mercedes-Benz and other foreign brands have all launched hybrid SUV models. Although hybrids reduce the fuel consumption of SUVs, their high prices are unattainable for many consumers. Cheetah CS7 condenses Changfeng Motor's many years of experience in SUV construction. Its shape resembles that of Audi Q7. Based on Mitsubishi Pajero's professional sports chassis technology, Mitsubishi 4G94MPI engine and cross-border design philosophy, it will give Tucson, Lions Run, and Hacker 200,000 SUVs. Can not be underestimated.

In this auto show, the new energy electric vehicle Great Wall Euler is also very attractive. It adopts 4-door 4-seat design, lithium-ion power battery, permanent magnet synchronous DC motor, 100 kilometers power consumption of 10 degrees, driving range 160 Km, the maximum speed of 130 Km / h, with a very practical value of mass production.

Brilliance Automotive's China EV pure electric concept car has also become a major highlight of new energy vehicles. The China EV concept car uses high-efficiency lithium battery technology instead of traditional fuels, and high-tech electronic equipment is widely used in vehicles. The power system of the EV concept car adopts a power output method that is coordinated by a permanent magnet synchronous motor and a lithium battery. All driving forces are provided by a motor and a lithium battery, and “zero emission” is achieved.

These car companies exhibiting electric cars are making great efforts to accelerate the pace of listing their respective electric vehicles.

This can't help people get mixed. Happily, after years of development, the self-owned brand has finally seized the opportunity of new energy vehicles, and has acted in succession to show people their strength. What worries is this: It is inevitable that individual companies have taken a fancy to the country’s huge subsidies for new energy R&D. They want to grab their own models before they get competitors to obtain state funding support.

The huge army of electric vehicles will undoubtedly make the competition fierce. However, the car dealers who develop electric vehicles think that seizing the first-line market of electric vehicles is undoubtedly superior to the traditional fuel vehicles. In fact, electric cars provide a great opportunity for the rear-runners. They generally believe that this is an opportunity for self-owned brands to compete for market from foreign competitors, because new energy technologies can completely subvert the existing industrial structure and even make the latecomers to the top.

Car battery puzzle

As a key component of electric vehicles, batteries are of great significance to the development of electric vehicles. At present, the world's major auto companies have launched a fierce competition in the field of new energy technologies. In this competition, the competition for car batteries has reached a level of enthusiasm.

The University of Texas and its commercial license, Quebec Water Corporation of Canada, accused the US battery maker Gabor Energy of the infringement lawsuit and is currently in a stalemate. The Volt, an electric car that will be introduced to the market by GM in 2010, will be used. The lithium iron phosphate battery developed by Gao Bo. Many of the batteries used by manufacturers in China to develop electric vehicles are also lithium iron phosphate batteries, such as BYD.

If Gaobo Company loses the lawsuit, General Volt will also be involved in infringement disputes. Many patent litigations of lithium iron phosphate batteries will also bring uncertainties to the development of China's new energy automotive industry.

According to the patent data of the State Intellectual Property Office of China, a total of 203 patent applications for lithium iron phosphate batteries are currently published. BYD Co., Ltd. took the lead with 22 patent applications. From the trend analysis of patent applications, since 2003, China began to have patent applications on lithium iron phosphate batteries, and the world's first patent application for lithium iron phosphate batteries began in 1997. China's involvement in lithium iron phosphate battery technology started relatively late.

There has been such a humorous report in the western automobile world that there is a mysterious high-performance car battery, but this kind of battery was suppressed by oil companies and hidden in the basement of Detroit.

Now, it seems that this mysterious battery was obtained by BYD of China. Its e6, which is about to be launched in the second half of 2009, has been fully charged. Under ideal conditions, the driving range has exceeded 400 Km, which is several times higher than GM's hope that the future Chevrolet Volt will have a single charge of 64 kilometers.

As the earliest electric vehicle development in China, BYD has mastered battery technology. Its strength in the field of electric vehicles and batteries has been recognized by multinational auto giants. During the Shanghai auto show, Wen Deen, chairman of Volkswagen Group, said that Volkswagen plans to cooperate with BYD in the battery field. In May this year, BYD will go to Volkswagen’s headquarters to introduce and demonstrate their battery technologies.

Professor Guo Konghui, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and a well-known automobile design research expert, told the journalist of “Xiaokang·Caizhi” that as a technology system, hybrid power and pure electric power are just assemblies. There are still many problems in parts systems, battery production, etc. that have not been solved. . If further research and development is not carried out on the technical details of the car battery, it will result in a situation where the domestic car manufacturers make prototype vehicles difficult and difficult to produce.

The patents filed by domestic battery manufacturers or research institutes focus on the lithium iron phosphate materials of lithium iron phosphate batteries and their preparation methods, which are slightly insufficient in terms of battery structure design and battery combination control. In fact, lithium iron phosphate battery technology research time is not long, in the conductivity, energy density, power density, material stability, etc. have a lot of room for improvement. Therefore, Chinese enterprises can fully increase R&D investment and accelerate domestic patent applications. Enterprises with certain technological advantages can fully deploy and apply important patents abroad. Even if a major company that has mastered core patents abroad is in charge of infringement, domestic companies with numerous patents can win the initiative for themselves through mutual licensing negotiations and anti-litigation.

The new energy car

Under the impact of the financial crisis, traditional fuel vehicles have been hit hard. New energy vehicles, as the future direction of the automotive industry, have received unprecedented attention. However, as the most mature hybrid vehicle in the current new energy development path, it has encountered embarrassment in the market. Under the financial crisis and the impact of low oil prices, sales volume has also begun to decline.

The United States is currently the region with the most abundant hybrid vehicles, and it is also the market with the largest sales volume of hybrid vehicles. In the U.S. market, there are Toyota Prius, Toyota Camry, Nissan Altman, Chevrolet Tahoe, Lexus 400/600h, and Honda Civic Hybrid in hybrid form, which is also used in 2008. Light hybrid form of the Chevrolet Malibu Hybrid and Saturn Aura Hybrid.

In 1999, only 19 hybrid vehicles were sold in the United States, and only Toyotas were singing "one-man show." In 2007, the United States sold 350,000 hybrid vehicles. In 2008, the annual sales volume of hybrid vehicles in the US market declined, at 314,000 units, which was a year-on-year decrease of 10.3%.

The annual sales of 314,000 hybrid vehicles in the US market still far exceed those of other countries. There is a reason why hybrid vehicles are sold in the United States higher than in other countries: in the United States, due to energy saving and environmental protection pressures, a hybrid heat is formed, and the use of hybrid vehicles becomes a fashionable and a label for noble environmentalists. Even male and female stars attend the Academy Awards ceremony and have to make a debut with a hybrid car. This makes those European and American manufacturers who are not convinced at heart have to be among the trends of hybrid power, because if there is any one car manufacturer that does not intend to “clean up” an eco-friendly car to sell, then it will be considered “outdated”. "conservative".

In contrast, the performance of hybrid vehicles in the Chinese market can be said to be rather sluggish. As early as December 2005, the world’s first mass-produced hybrid sedan, the Toyota Prius, officially entered China and was sold at a price of around 280,000 yuan each, as a new energy sedan with a global sales volume of more than one million yuan. It has not been recognized by Chinese consumers. In 2008, it sold less than 900 vehicles in China. In the American hybrid vehicle market, Toyota has an 80% share.

In response, Toyota had to admit that China's hybrid vehicle market is still in the cultivation phase, and the number of sales is not the goal. The key is to enable consumers to accept the concept of environmental protection and to recognize the quality of the Prius.

In addition to the Toyota Prius, other hybrid products sold in the Chinese market, such as the Honda Civic, Lexus RX400h, LS600h, GS450h, Buick LaCrosse, etc., have blocked consumer acceptance due to high prices that they could not bypass.

Where is the price of hybrid vehicles high? Take the Japanese Toyota's hybrid Prius, it is equipped with two sets of gasoline engine and electric motor system. The two systems simultaneously exert power when starting up, accelerating, and uphill; the energy is reversely stored in the battery during braking; when the vehicle runs steadily, the battery drives the motor to separate forces and no longer burns oil. It can be seen that the hybrid vehicle must have two sets of power for the internal combustion engine and the motor. In any case, the cost and the price of the vehicle are also higher than the level of a traditional single-powered car.

The high selling price has become a steel knife on new energy vehicles. According to incomplete statistics, the average cost of medium-sized hybrid vehicles is 30% to 50% higher than gasoline-powered vehicles of the same type.

Although the cost of hybrid vehicles developed by Chinese independent brands such as BYD, Geely and Changan is much lower than that of foreign countries, it is at least 20,000 yuan higher than the price of the same type of traditional fuel vehicles. The high prices and the lack of policies will affect the sales of new energy vehicles. Under the circumstance that the cost does not have a competitive advantage, how the hybrid vehicle makes it difficult for consumers to pay a single bill becomes a big problem.

New energy buses that enjoy state subsidies have also encountered price difficulties. In December 2008, Beijing Public Transport Group and Foton Motor signed an agreement for the purchase of 800 hybrid city buses and chassis, using imported lithium batteries. The price is also 500,000 yuan higher than that of ordinary buses, and the batteries will be replaced every three years. The group also needed 100,000 yuan. With such a high price, even if there are subsidies of more than 200,000 yuan per vehicle, the remaining part is a burden for local governments and related organizations.

In view of this, the price is definitely the biggest obstacle to the development of new energy vehicles. The new energy vehicle subsidy policy formulated by the country recently has played a role in promoting the development of new energy technologies and the marketization of new energy vehicles, but it appears to be huge. The actual relative value of bicycle subsidies is still relatively small, especially compared to traditional models, which are still at a disadvantage in terms of price.

New energy vehicles seem to have fallen into a strange circle. Many people pin their hopes of cracking this vicious circle on the government’s visible hand. Many people believe that the prosperity of hybrid vehicles in the U.S. market can be attributed to the U.S. government’s tax cut encouragement policy and believe that China should learn from the U.S. experience, but does the U.S. policy really have an immediate effect on increasing sales?

The US government’s tax cuts for hybrid vehicles are actually a time-limited dynamic concession. The criteria for the discount depends on the fuel economy and actual sales. This tax reduction policy is based on the 2002 standard fuel consumption (MPG), and the tax deduction is determined based on the fuel consumption improvement rate. Vehicles sold from January 1, 2006 to December 31, 2010 are tax reduction targets for this policy. Each hybrid vehicle manufacturer that complies with the policy enjoys a 50% tax deduction after accumulating sales of more than 30,000 units. A cumulative sales volume of more than 45,000 units will only enjoy a 25% tax deduction, and cumulative sales of more than 60,000 units will not enjoy any tax reductions. This means that a manufacturer's sales of hybrid vehicles will increase, and the tax break they enjoy will also be reduced. With it decreases.

Because Toyota sold a lot in the United States, Toyota Motor has long been unable to enjoy any tax cuts, which means that whether buying a Toyota Prius or buying Lexus 400h can not enjoy any government tax rebate discount. Take the Toyota Prius as an example. If you purchase before September 30, 2006, you can enjoy a tax-reduction discount of 3,100 US dollars. If you purchase before March 31, 2007, you can enjoy a tax-reduction discount of 1575 US dollars, if in 2007, 9 Purchases before the 30th of the month can only enjoy tax cuts of US$787.5. From October 2007, Toyota does not enjoy any tax breaks for all hybrid vehicles including the Lexus brand, as Toyota’s cumulative hybrid vehicle sales have exceeded The tax deduction scope of 60,000 vehicles.

However, it is this Toyota that did not enjoy any tax reduction in 2008, but still accounted for more than 80% of the US market share of hybrid vehicles. Honda's main product, the Honda Civic Hybrid, ranked second in the US hybrid vehicle market in 2008, and accounted for 9.96% of the US market's share of hybrid vehicles, and could only enjoy a $525 tax break. Although all of the GM brand hybrid models can enjoy full tax breaks, they only account for 4.14% of sales.

It can be seen that the US government’s tax cuts for hybrid vehicles can only promote the popularity of hybrid vehicles to a certain extent, and the best-selling level still requires major manufacturers to impress consumers with product performance and prices. The main factors for hybrid vehicles to be truly popular are: price, oil prices, support and environmental awareness. These four factors are also an important reason for the poor sales of hybrid vehicles in the Chinese market.

In order to enter the life of Chinese consumers, new energy vehicles must also make breakthroughs in technology, cost, and supporting facilities. The market must have a relatively long acceptance process and there is still a long way to go. For example, prolonging the battery life of electric vehicles, increasing battery power, establishing charging stations to solve charging, reducing the cost of new energy vehicles, and meeting the environmental protection requirements for batteries have yet to be overcome.

2009 Shanghai Auto Show's own brand new energy vehicles at a glance

Corporate model category highlights

BYD F3DM dual-mode electric vehicle as BYD's first commercialized new energy vehicle

The design of the e6 pure electric e6 draws on the Guangzhou Honda Odyssey. Its flat front and low body help reduce wind resistance.

Dongfeng Fengshen BSG Hybrid Powertrain Co., Ltd. integrates R&D achievements of Dongfeng's hybrid vehicles in recent ten years to achieve a 10% fuel saving rate in urban conditions without reducing power performance.

Dongfeng I-car pure electric Dongfeng I-car pure electric concept car shape mellow, fashion cute, small head, great wisdom

SAIC Shanghai Fuel Cell Fuel Cell Battery Applied SAIC Self-developed New Energy Vehicle Electric Propulsion Power System Technology

Roewe 750 1.8T hybrid car hybrid SAIC's first self-branded hybrid car for industrialization, the comprehensive fuel-saving rate of about 20%, is expected to be listed at the end of 2010

Pure electric city bus passenger electric vehicle "Zero discharge" bus developed independently by SAIC Commercial Vehicle Technology Center

Mixed urban public bus hybrid energy efficiency reaches more than 20%

Iveco's electric vehicle electric vehicle has the world's leading technology for light electric commercial vehicles, has been put into practical use

Geely IG concept car pure electric power adopts pure electric power assembly and introduces solar energy technology. More unique is that IG has adopted a unique design.

After the Balanced Power Edition CNG dual-fuel vehicle adopts a balancing system such as electronics, the fuel consumption per 100 km with a displacement of 1.8 liters will reach an astonishing 3 liters, achieving energy savings of over 50%.

GAC A-HEV concept vehicle hybrid equipped with Guangzhou Automobile Group's own research and development, patented technology, Guangzhou Automobile's electromagnetic coupling hybrid power system

The Brilliance EV concept car's concept of environmental protection and clean energy adhering to the concept of environmental protection and clean energy is a crystallization of independent research and development and independent innovation by Brilliance Automotive.

Great Wall Euler electric vehicle lithium-ion battery, permanent magnet synchronous DC motor, 100 kilometers power consumption 10 degrees, maximum speed 130Km/h

The Changan E301 is hybrid with the power system. The E301 uses an energy-efficient dual-mode hybrid and can be switched as needed.

Jetson Hybrid experienced a harsh test as a taxi in 2008

Changfeng Cheetah CS7 hybrid saves at least 30% of fuel consumption compared to similar gasoline SUVs

Haima Me Electric adopts a high-efficiency permanent-magnet brushless motor and a lithium battery, and adopts a design concept of “quick-switching, complementary energy” for innovative design in battery layout.

Mpe parallel pure electric

The Chery A3-ISG hybrid adopts a single-shaft parallel type medium-duty hybrid structure, using a 1.3-liter engine and a 10KW motor torque superposition method for power mixing

Fengyun 2BSG hybrid equipped with Chery's own research and development of 1.5L gasoline engine, equipped with BSG start-stop integrated motor

Youth Lotus Jingyue Pure Electric Pleasant Pure Electric Vehicle adopts 400V polymer ion battery to achieve a breakthrough in key technologies such as battery management system