China has entered the energy warning period
Electrical Components,Solar Tpms,Water Temperature Sensor,Oil Pressure Sensor NINGBO ZHIJIA , https://www.zjparts.com
China has become the world's second largest energy country. Addressing energy security challenges is one of China's strategic priorities for sustainable development. At present, China has become the world’s second largest energy producer and consumer. Since 2000, China’s energy supply and consumption have undergone significant changes. In 2007, China’s energy production was 1.8 times that of 2000, which was an average annual increase of 7.1% in seven years. In 2000, the total amount of primary energy production converted into standard coal was 1.29 billion tons of standard coal. By 2007, the output reached 2.37 billion tons of standard coal. Due to China's large population, per capita consumption is only 62% of the world average. In 2000, China's primary energy consumption accounted for 10.41% of the world's total. By 2007, this proportion increased to 16.8%. The world's per capita energy consumption is 2.38 tons of standard coal, while China is 1.87 tons of standard coal.
The large population and relative lack of resources are the reasons why the per capita possession of many important resources in China is far below the world average. The final recoverable reserves of China's oil resources are only about 3% of the world total, and the average per capita possession of most important mineral resources is less than half of the world average. In 2007, China’s oil dependence on foreign countries reached 50%, and it has already entered the energy warning period. From the elasticity coefficient of GDP to energy, it can be found that it is difficult to quadruple the economic growth by doubling the input of energy, and energy will remain an important constraint factor in economic development. China's energy consumption elasticity coefficient is 7 times that of Japan. In 2007, China's energy consumption elasticity coefficient was close to 0.7. Japan, which has a relatively large manufacturing industry, has an energy consumption elasticity coefficient of only 0.1 in 2006.
Responding to the crisis The National Energy Administration has already taken action In response to the increasingly severe energy situation, the country established the Energy Bureau earlier this year. In June, the State Council formally approved the main responsibilities, internal institutions, and staffing of the National Energy Administration prepared by the Central Compilation Committee's office and announced it in the near future. This marks the official start of operation of the newly formed energy industry management agency.
According to the "three-determined" plan approved by the State Council, the National Energy Administration is the National Bureau under the National Development and Reform Commission. Its main responsibilities include the responsibilities assigned to the office of the former National Energy Leading Group, the energy industry administration of the National Development and Reform Commission, and Nuclear Power Management Responsibilities of the former National Defense Science and Technology Industry Committee. Specifically, it includes: formulating energy development strategies, plans and policies, and proposing related institutional reform proposals; implementing management of energy sources such as oil, natural gas, coal, and electricity; managing state oil reserves; proposing policies and measures for the development of energy conservation in new energy and energy industries; Energy International Cooperation.
The National Energy Administration’s “Three-Determined†plan also specifies the division of responsibilities with the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology. The National Energy Administration is responsible for the industry management of oil refining, coal-based fuels, and fuel ethanol. Regarding the management of energy prices, the “Sanding†plan is clear: the proposal made by the National Energy Administration to adjust the price of energy products will be reported to the State Council for approval after approval or review by the National Development and Reform Commission; the National Development and Reform Commission will adjust the prices of energy products involved and shall solicit requests. National Energy Bureau comments. The “Sanding†plan is clear. The National Energy Administration is responsible for the industry management of energy sources such as coal, oil, natural gas, electricity (including nuclear power), new energy, and renewable energy. It organizes the formulation of energy industry standards, monitors energy development, and connects energy production and construction. Balance supply and demand to guide and coordinate rural energy development. The National Energy Administration has strengthened its international cooperation on energy, led energy international cooperation, negotiated and signed agreements with foreign energy authorities and international energy organizations, coordinated foreign energy development and utilization, and approved or audited coal, oil, natural gas, and electricity. Natural uranium and other energy major overseas investment projects.
The establishment of the National Energy Administration is an important part of the State Council's institutional adjustment program. It aims to strengthen the centralized and unified management of the energy industry, to deal with the increasingly severe international and domestic energy problems, and to ensure the sustained and stable and healthy development of the national economy.
The development of renewable energy has become a top priority With the sustained and rapid economic and social development in China, domestic energy demand continues to grow rapidly. From 1979 to 2006, China’s energy consumption grew at an average annual rate of 5.4%. In 2007, China’s primary energy consumption was 2.65 billion tons of standard coal, and crude oil imports ranked second in the world. As China's current power supply structure is irrational and resource consumption is too high, coal dominates the energy structure, and the proportion of clean and high-quality energy is low. The massive mining and consumption of coal not only brings about the destruction of the ecological environment, but also makes our country increasingly pressure to cope with global climate change. This is a deep-seated contradiction faced by China's energy development. To this end, the National Energy Administration pointed out that "vigorous development of renewable energy such as hydropower and wind power has become an urgent task."
On March 18, the National Development and Reform Commission issued the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" for the development of renewable energy. The "planning" proposes that accelerating the development of hydropower, biomass, wind and solar energy, and increasing the proportion of renewable energy in the energy structure are the primary tasks for the development of renewable energy in China during the "11th Five-Year Plan" period. "Up to 2050, renewable energy is expected to become China's dominant energy." At present, the proportion of renewable energy in China's primary energy sources is about 7.5%. In 2010, the proportion of renewable energy in China's energy consumption will reach 10%, and it will reach 15% in 2020.
At present, in addition to accelerating hydropower development, China has made substantial progress in the construction of wind power and other renewable energy fields. It is understood that the world's largest wind power base - Jiuquan 10000 kilowatts wind power base has begun construction. The world's largest offshore wind power project with a total installed capacity of 1.1 million kilowatts will also be constructed by CNOOC in Weihai, Shandong.
It should not be forgotten that China's renewable energy industry is still in its infancy, and its industrialization is still faced with many obstacles such as policies, technologies and markets. Experts pointed out that to promote the rapid development of the renewable energy industry, it is urgent for the government and enterprises to work together to solve the dilemma.
Energy-saving and emission-reduction are first aligned with “low-carbon†“Low-carbon economy†is a new concept proposed by the international community in response to the human being’s large-scale consumption of fossil fuels and the large-scale emission of carbon dioxide. It not only means that the manufacturing industry has to speed up the elimination of backward energy with high energy consumption and high pollution, but also means guiding the public to reflect on those bad habits of wasting energy and increasing pollution, so as to fully tap the huge energy saving and emission reduction in the service industry and consumer life. Potential UNEP aims to promote people's transition to a low-carbon economy and a low-carbon lifestyle. The theme of the World Environment Day on June 5 this year is: “Kicking off Hobby! For Low-Carbon Economy†(“KICK THE HABIT! TOWARDS A LOW CARBONâ€) ECONOMY"). China's energy consumption is particularly in a "high-carbon" state. Fossil energy accounts for about 92%, of which coal accounts for about 68.7%, and 78% of electricity production depends on coal-fired power generation. The proportion of renewable energy currently being developed and utilized in China accounts for only 8%, of which 7.3% is water, and the proportion of renewable clean energy like wind, solar energy, and biomass energy is very low.
The “low-carbon economy†means not only that the manufacturing industry must accelerate the elimination of high-energy-consumption, high-pollution and backward production capabilities, and promote technological innovations in energy conservation and emission reduction, but also means that it is wasteful to guide the public to reflect on what habits and lifestyles are accustomed to. Elimination of bad habits of pollution, so as to fully explore the great potential of energy-saving and emission reduction in the service industry and consumer life. An important way to shift to a low-carbon economy and a low-carbon lifestyle is to abstain from the “facilitation of consumption†habits at the expense of high energy consumption, and secondly to abandon the use of “one-off†supplies for consumer preferences. For example, the “plastic limit order†implemented in June this year is not only to contain white pollution, but also to save the source of plastic—oil resources and carbon dioxide emission reduction. This is a "association-type" energy conservation and environmental awareness. Third, it is to abstain from the "face consumption" and "luxury consumption" habits at the expense of large amounts of energy and large amounts of greenhouse gas emissions. Such as luxury cars, high-end large-displacement BMW cars, large displacement multi-purpose sports cars, use of small cars, small displacement cars.
We need to achieve a grand strategy of energy saving and consumption reduction, perhaps depending on many nuances. We should see that this “nuance†is not just the details of many energy-saving improvements in the manufacturing and construction industries, but also the many energy-saving details of daily living habits. For the world’s most populous country, the amount of wasted energy and carbon emissions in each person’s living habits appears to be small. Once calculated in terms of a large population multiplier, it is a huge amount. Scientific and technological workers and social scientists have the responsibility to carry out creative activities and popularization of low-carbon economy and low-carbon life from the aspects of daily life to the public, and make the “energy saving and emission reduction†and “building resources†put forward by the 17th Party Congress. The scientific development decision-making of a conservation-minded, environment-friendly society, and the strengthening of capacity-building to deal with climate change and contribute to the protection of the global climate have become practical actions for all people.
Looking for new energy, where is China's road? Since the oil crisis of the 1970s, mankind has begun to explore new energy sources. As oil prices rise, oil substitution will generally occur. Today, there are no shortage of possible petroleum "replacements" and "alternative attempts" in laboratories around the world. However, to this day, the status of oil is still difficult to shake. The reasons behind are quite complicated. There are two key points. First, oil can be used as both a fuel and a petrochemical feedstock. This has, to some extent, increased the difficulty of finding alternative energy sources for oil. Second, the "new energy" that can be confirmed at present has more or less the problem of "quantity" or "price". Compared to conventional energy sources, these new energy sources are either too small in total volume or they depend on heaven for food. Energy collection is constrained by strict climatic conditions (such as wind energy and solar energy); it is not costly, or it has not yet achieved scale production and scale. Use (such as hydrogen energy). At present, it can only play a supplementary role, but it is still difficult to achieve effective and large-scale substitution.
In addition, specific to 30 years later, whether a new energy exploration can eventually exit the laboratory and go to the market will become a “new energy source†that can truly be used by mankind, and will also face a more rigorous assessment. First of all, its viability will be tested by many macro factors such as global high energy demand, high food prices, high inflation, and increased greenhouse gas emissions. Secondly, with the deepening of the “green concept†such as environmental protection and sustainable development, new energy will be required to bear more social responsibilities for the environment and ecology at the beginning of birth. Just a few years ago, corn-based ethanol was widely sought after. Shortly afterwards, people’s attitudes turned sharply, not only because they competed with people for food, they competed with the grain and directly stimulated the rise in food prices, but also because ethanol production itself consumes energy and discharges waste water, which has a negative effect on the environment. It can be seen that if new energy sources are to emerge in the future, light energy is in line with the laws of the market and can meet the growing demand for energy, which is far from enough.
As the so-called speed is not reached, any kind of new energy must abide by the laws of the market and scientific research and development laws, and cannot be accomplished overnight. However, as long as we develop a new energy source in China with a scientific attitude, it is entirely possible to achieve technological leapfrog development with the advantage of backwardness. In addition, energy security is very important, but in any case, the harmonious coexistence and sustainable development of the entire society and the entire ecological environment should be the first choice.
Our China has combined its own realistic conditions and a new energy path has been basically established in phases: First, China's future energy development should be clean, efficient, diverse, and sustainable. Second, China must fight a new energy "combination boxing" that is divided into different levels and displayed in stages. From the medium term, that is, before 2020, develop various coal-based fuels, take the road of replacing coal with oil, supplemented by natural gas and second-generation biofuels (using some non-food bio-waste fuels, such as straw, The development of oilseed is the most practical and feasible choice. Around 2020, wind power and solar energy are expected to form a relatively mature industrial chain and scale applications. Farther away, by 2050, nuclear fusion, natural gas hydrates, space-based solar power generation and hydrogen energy are expected to become more sophisticated alternative energy sources. In this regard, China has set clear goals: By 2050, new energy sources will account for more than one-third of the total energy use structure.