Mining step of mining deposits - mining work
1 The content of the ore-mining work—the falling ore is the free surface of the cutting space, and the ore is broken by the method of rock drilling. 2 Falling mine mode - generally based on the deposit conditions of the deposit, the mining method and rock drilling equipment used, shallow hole, medium and deep hole, deep hole and drug room are used. 1. Shallow hole falling mine - hole depth is not more than 3 - 5 meters, aperture 30 - 46mm, 2. Medium and deep hole falling mine - hole depth is more than 15 meters, aperture 50 - 70mm, 3. Deep hole falling mine - hole depth is more than 15 meters, but generally not more than 25-30 meters, Aperture 90 - 110mm, 1 The meaning of ore transportation work means that in the ore block, the ore that has been broken down is transported to the already transported roadway and loaded into the mine car. The transport work is limited to the mine block (ie the stope Inside,) Calling transportation outside the stope. 2 Ore transport methods - there are two ways 1. Gravity transport: For example, shallow hole drilling with ordinary funnels is gravity transport. (The Gongchangling mine is called DC funnel ore). 2. Mechanical transport - such as the use of television, loaders, scrapers, cars, belt conveyors and other equipment to transport ore. In the mining block mining, it is more appropriate to use that type of transportation, which depends mainly on the mining method selected and the conditions of the deposit and the selected transport machinery. 1) The concept of ground pressure management work Ground pressure management plays an important role in mining work. Ground pressure—refers to the formation of goaf in the ground after the ore is produced. After a period of time, the pillars and the surrounding rock of the upper and lower plates are deformed, destroyed, and collapsed. We call this phenomenon the ground pressure. In the process of mining, it is necessary to control the ground pressure and manage the ground pressure, and to eliminate the adverse effects of ground pressure to ensure the safety of production, we regard these tasks as the ground pressure management work. 2) Method of ground pressure management: There are three methods 1 The chisel column supports the goaf; 2 fill the goaf with filling; 3 use the surrounding rock to manage the ground pressure; (1) The relationship between mining, mining, cutting, and mining is a relationship ahead of each other. That is to say, the development should be ahead of the mining level, and the mining should be ahead of the cutting, and the cutting should be ahead of the mining. And how much is ahead of time, this is determined by the three-level ore. The third-grade ore that the general mine follows is “316â€, that is, three years of development, one year of mining, and half a year of mining. (2) The meaning of the third-level ore 1 Exploiting the amount of minerals – refers to the amount of minerals that are delineated after the development work is completed. (that is, to develop the amount of mine controlled above the level of the roadway). The boundary for exploiting the quantity of minerals is: from the level of the developed roadway, the height of a middle section can only be calculated upwards, and the direction is calculated to the exposed point of the roadway. It is necessary to guarantee the mine volume for 3 to 5 years. 2 Mining ore mining – mining ore mining is part of the mining capacity. In the scope of the developed ore body, the mining roadway that needs to be excavated according to the mining method specified by the design has been excavated, and the outer dimensions of the ore block are formed. The amount of minerals delineated by this range is called the quasi-mineral quantity. The mining amount should be guaranteed for 1-3 years. 3 Quantity to be mined – The amount to be mined is part of the mined mine. It is the amount of minerals that are delineated after the auxiliary mining work is completed. That is to say, the cutting work is completed, and the amount of mining that can be directly recovered is called the amount of mining. The amount of coal to be mined is generally guaranteed to be 0.5 to 1.0 years of quality.
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(2) Specific content of mining work The mining work includes three main tasks: mining, transportation and ground pressure management.
(3) Mining work
4. Pharmacy falling into the mine - it is a method of installing explosives in a certain size of the diverticulum and directly smashing the mine. (Do not hit the mining hole). Because of this mining method, the roadway is difficult to work, and the working conditions are poor, which is easy to produce large blocks. It has been used for a long time when it is officially returned to the mining room and pillar. (Gongchangling iron ore mining room is sometimes used, while it back and forth with mining column).
(4) Ore transport work
(5) Ground pressure management work