Like the "duang" that suddenly fires up, the editors of the diving car forum have found that the owners in the forum have started to ask "What is the material of the fuel tank of the car?" The reason for using "again" is because of this problem. It is not the first time to be concerned, and the focus of discussion is still on engineering plastics and metal fuel tanks which are safer in the event of a rear-end collision. In this issue of micro-topics, Xiaobian will invite a number of industry experts to see which materials they will consider when choosing a car.
Originated from a video two years ago, let me talk about why everyone is "returning old things." In 2013, a program used a magnet to do several experiments to get the material of the passenger car fuel tanks at all levels in China. According to the introduction of the host during the first broadcast, the topic was inspired by the Ford Pinto incident in the 1970s, and it is believed that Pinto's fuel tank material is the chief culprit in the death of many people.
In fact, after reading the information in Xiaobian, it was found that both the lawsuit filed by the victim at the time and the subsequent book of the case pointed to the design mistake, and this point basically had no objection in the court's cross-examination process. . Simply put, Pinto's fuel tank is installed under the rear seat of the vehicle, only about 8cm away from the clutch. Once a medium-intensity collision occurs, it may cause fire or even explosion.
The body structure is far more than the fuel tank material, and the problem of the fuel tank material is mentioned more than once. Will consumers complain about this? Hao Qingfeng, deputy secretary-general of the China Consumer Rights Protection Law Research Association: So far, I have not received such complaints, and I have not known the serious accidents and lawsuits caused by the fuel tank material.
No complaints were found on the China Auto Quality Network complaint platform that already had tens of thousands of complaints.
Then, in the eyes of experts, is this part that has not been complained about by material, is it necessary to entangle the material? Cao Libo, director of the Institute of Vehicle Structures, Hunan University: The material is not enough to affect the safety of the fuel tank in the event of a collision. As long as the fuel tank itself meets the national standards, performance and design requirements, it is no problem in assembling it on the vehicle. I personally think that it The cost of the car has little to do with. I will not consider the fuel tank material when I choose a car.
Wang Kaiming, senior engineer of Beijing Automotive Research Institute: What kind of fuel tank is used for the model, which is mainly related to the performance consideration of the vehicle. Metal fuel tanks and engineering plastic fuel tanks have their own advantages, but regardless of the material used, manufacturers will carry out targeted technical protection according to the standard, so the material has little to do with safety. In daily consultations, few people pay attention to this issue. My opinion is that as long as it meets the national standards, there is no problem.
Indeed, some Mercedes-Benz and Jaguar models on the market use metal fuel tanks. At the same time, some brands use different fuel tanks according to the characteristics of different models. For example, Lexus IS uses multi-layer resin tanks, ES uses steel tanks, and NX adopts Iron tank. In terms of the characteristics of different material tanks, the metal fuel tank with new materials can reduce its own weight and provide a larger volume under the same conditions; the biggest advantage of engineering plastic fuel tank is that it has strong plasticity and can be designed according to the body design. The shape of the fuel tank, in addition, is lower cost. If questioning this choice is related to cost, Song Jian, executive vice president of Tsinghua University Automotive Engineering Development Research Institute, gave a corresponding explanation. Metal is a consumable resource. In recent years, metal prices have been rising, and plastics are chemical products, which are cheap and large. Under the premise of scale manufacturing, plastics are cheaper to manufacture than steel. That is to say, there is no problem of compression cost when using a metal fuel tank at the root.
Zhu Xi, director of the Institute of Automotive Safety Technology, Tongji University Automobile College: When the vehicle is designed, the fuel tank will be placed in the non-collision area of ​​the vehicle. According to the requirements of most countries or regions in the world, the fuel tank installed on the whole vehicle should be able to It satisfies the requirement that the vehicle does not leak when a collision occurs at a speed of 50km per hour. Therefore, there is no direct relationship between the fuel tank material and whether it will leak and cause combustion after a rear-end collision. Consumers are not as concerned about the body structure as they put their sight on the fuel tank material.
Engineering plastics and steel tanks are the same in the event of a rear-end collision. As for consumers who are worried about the volatilization of the oil in the engineering plastic fuel tank, it mainly depends on the sealing performance of the canister system, and it is also independent of the material of the fuel tank itself. It seems that whether it is a plastic fuel tank or a metal fuel tank, safety and insecurity have nothing to do with its material.
TIPS: The national standard for fuel tanks has been stipulated in the “Standards for the Use of Vehicle Fuel Tanks” (GB18296-2001), which stipulates that the motor vehicle products produced by automobile companies need to pass the fuel tank cover sealing test, safety valve opening pressure test and vibration. Durability test, tank pressure resistance and many other tests. Whether it is a metal fuel tank or an engineering plastic fuel tank, it needs to undergo strict inspection by national standards before entering the market.

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